President Donald Trump is taking a page directly from China's own trade playbook. The formula is simple and straightforward: "You want to access this big, beautiful market? You need to pay. So, you can either chew broken glass dealing with our tariffs or you can be smart and invest in manufacturing here inside our country.

Beijing hit back with its own tariffs and export restrictions after being subjected to levies by President Trump. Trade experts said China appeared to aim for minimal short-term harm while showing the range of its possible responses.

China's tariffs - due to begin next Monday - would also apply to US oil and farm machinery, but more talks are due this week.