3 min read At the dawn of the Paleogene—the beginning of the Cenozoic era—dinosaurs, pterosaurs, and giant marine reptiles were conspicuously absent from the face of the Earth. Rodent-size ...

Impressive energy output: Animals collectively contribute at least 76,000 gigajoules of energy annually to shaping the Earth's surface—a figure comparable to hundreds of thousands of extreme floods.

Get Instant Summarized Text (Gist) Animals significantly shape Earth's landscapes, acting as "natural engineers" across freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems. A global synthesis identifies 603 ...