by the direct process from ores by smelting them in small blast furnaces without the intermediate production of cast-iron. The well-known iron pillar near the Kutub Minar, Delhi, and the ...

In the courtyard of the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, an imposing iron pillar rises tall. At 7.2 metres and weighing six tons, this structure predates even the complex it resides in. Dating back to the ...