Innate Immunity is a nonspecific host defense mechanism against foreign antigens. It is the first line of defense in a host and occurs immediately or within hours after exposure. This type of immunity ...

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a critical serum protein of the innate immune system that recognises distinct carbohydrate signatures on pathogens, initiating the lectin pathway of the complement ...

Immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses the body's own immune system to fight tumor cells. While much focus has been on engaging T-cells for fighting cancer, less attention has been ...

The complement system has more than 50 soluble and membrane-bound proteins. In innate and adaptive immunity, complement is essential for eliminating foreign pathogens and apoptotic cells. It is also ...

Researchers have deciphered the complex interplay of various enzymes around the innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7), which plays an important role in defending our bodies against ...

This article was published in Scientific American’s former blog network and reflects the views of the author, not necessarily those of Scientific American The very first line of defence against any ...

When a transplanted organ arrives, it’s like a controlled burn that risks becoming a wildfire. The body’s innate immune system senses damage signals, like heat shock proteins (HSP70), and sounds the ...

Scientists generally agree that eukaryotes, the domain of life whose cells contain nuclei and that includes almost all multicellular organisms, originated from a process involving the symbiotic union ...

PASC, which is otherwise known as long COVID, arises following the recovery from acute infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for ...