A body moving through a fluid experiences a drag force, which is usually divided into two components ... This friction is associated with the development of boundary layers, and it scales with ...

Boundary layers in an external flow ... The force acting on a body due to the viscous resistance of the surrounding fluid is called the drag force and it acts in the direction opposite to the ...

Today's commercial aircraft are largely affected by turbulence from the surrounding airflow, leading to increased drag compared to laminar flow and thus increased fuel consumption. However, if special ...